Thursday, July 6, 2017

Three Kinds of Faith

All people everywhere have some system of faith, whether it based on the truth or not.  Without faith in something,  life would be impossible.  Not all faiths lead to heaven, nor do all people believe in heaven. We can build our lives around all kinds of things. 
 It is not always obvious what category a person’s true faith lies, not even to the person themselves.  Many people who profess a religious belief,  do not hold that religious belief very strongly.  The center or their being is not located in religion, but in the pursuit of something else. This is what the Bible calls idolatry—worshipping a false god rather than a true one, or worshipping a true God without sincerity. God is merely a means to serving something else, though what we serve may be unclear. Their spiritual selves are double-minded and confused, and moral choices or necessarily belief becomes difficult.
Generally, we can divide these faith systems into three broad categories—self-based, community-based, and God-based. 
Self-based faith
Self-based faith finds its meaning in a person’s inner being, not in outer relationships.   No exterior standard or truth is necessary.  The poet William Ernest Henley in this kind of faith in his poem Invictus:
            “Out of the depths that cover me
Black as the pit from pole to pole
I thank whatever gods may be
For my own unconquerable soul.”
Or as Frank Sinatra put it,
         “For what is a man what has he got? If not himself then he has not.
            The record shows I took the blows and did it my way.”
In self-based faith, doing it our way is all important. Self-fulfillment or self-actualization is our ultimate concern.
This kind of spirituality goes all the way back to the ancient Greeks. Hedonists and Epicureans taught that the ultimate goal of life was personal pleasure—not the passing desires of the flesh, but the higher pursuits of the human spirit, which included personal self-discovery, self-expression and well-being.  This is not necessarily a selfish faith since love is usually considered one of the highest personal pleasures. A person can be loving and generous to others, but they do it to make themselves feel good. 
Another variant of self-spirituality is the modern “self-esteem” movement, which puts our own personal growth above everything else.  Getting in touch with our “inner selves”  is the same as getting in touch with God.  Relationships and activities that do not bring us self-fulfillment are considered detrimental to our spirits. 
 C. K. Chesterton wrote in Orthodoxy.
That Jones shall worship the "god within him" turns out ultimately to mean that Jones shall worship Jones. Let Jones worship the sun or moon - anything rather than the Inner Light; let Jones worship cats or crocodiles, if he can find any in his street, but not the god within. Christianity came into the world firstly in order to assert with violence that a man had not only to look inwards, but to look outwards, to behold with astonishment and enthusiasm a divine company and a divine captain. The only fun of being a Christian was that a man was not left alone with the Inner Light, but definitely recognized an outer light, fair as the sun, clear as the moon, terrible as an army with banners."
Self-based faith is its lack of outside checks on morals or behavior. The only true discipline is self discipline. The only true morality is being true to ourselves.
 In anxious times, self-based faith easily becomes sheer selfishness. If we are on a sinking ship, why should we obey the cry “women and children first” if self is our own ultimate good?
The other problem with self-spirituality is that it has no real mirror.  Other people give us a measuring stick that helps us see ourselves. If we are absorbed totally pursuing our own self-esteem, we cannot discover our true selves.  We are like a person, living in a room without a mirror, who cannot see our own faults, or even our own beauty. We need other people to help us realize our own best interests.   
Community-based faith
Community-based faith finds its meaning in relationship to a community.  This community can be very large or very small--It can be all of humanity, our family, country, ethnic group, circle of friends, or even one other person.  Being part of any other set of individuals, losing our identity in a group, is the essence of community spirituality. Nationalism, patriotism, regionalism, racism, family values, and school spirit are all expressions of this kind of faith.
One of the most striking expressions of community-based spirituality I ever saw was while I was traveling in a van from Moscow to Bryansk, Russia.  Along the road was a monument to a battle fought in World War II. A woman in a wedding dress was there, stopping traffic. She spoke to our driver and we drove on.  The driver explained that in this province, brides on their wedding day stop cars at war monuments to remind people of the men who died, who never had a chance to marry.  
 It’s hard to imagine American brides spending their wedding day doing something patriotic. But in her mind patriotism came before marriage. Personal lives are secondary in Russian culture to the welfare of the whole, even on your wedding day.  
Conservative talk-show hosts talk about “family values,” as if family and God are the same.  Liberals talk about community values in the same way. We put American flags in our sanctuaries and national anthems in our hymnbooks without ever thinking that patriotism and godliness are the same thing.  Holy days like Christmas seem more about family and the universal kinship of humanity than the incarnation of a transcendent God.  Christmas stories like The Christmas Carol and It’s a Wonderful Life that are more about loving others than meeting Christ. 
Community-based faith produces altruism and self-sacrifice more easily than self-based faith.  But it creates problems. What happens when the many different communities of which we are a part do not agree with each other? When we have to choose communities which one comes first?
Another problem with community-based faith is how we treat those not in our community.
 In the Godfather movies, Michael Corleone chooses loyalty to his family (the Mafia) over life as a law-abiding citizen, and destroys his family in the process.  Soldiers like Irwin Rommel fought for the Third Reich because they believed that their country came first. Marxism, which claims to stand for uplifting of the common person, has produced more bloody dictatorships than any ideology in history.  Community-based faith can deny the value of those outside our community, even when it claims to serve all. Those who do not go along with community values are usually treated as enemies to be crushed. Morality is situational, absolute, based on what one community views as “the greater good.”
In the end, community-based faith has no outside source of morality, patriotism devolves to nationalism, creedalism become oppression, families become clans, and churches become cults. 
 God-based faith
God-based faith finds meaning beyond self and community in an all-wise Creator Who is the source of all truth and goodness.   God judges the actions of all countries, communities, races, and families.    
God based faith does not have all the answers, but it at least acknowledges the fact, which community and self-based faiths do not. When our ultimate concern is something in this world, we can only make moral choices based on what we see around us and the needs of the moment. But God-based faith looks for truth beyond ourselves, which keeps us humble.
One drawback to God-based faith, is that in order to have it, you must actually believe there is a God. Not only that, but you must believe He has spoken. Not only that, you also have to believe He is still speaking.   If we are not sure, or if we believe He is not speaking, there is no   lreason to make Him the central concern of our existence.  Deism, which believes God started the universe but is now has nothing to do with it, rarely produces anything like real faith.  If God is absent from the world, then there is no reason to base our lives around Him.  God may be our Creator,  but He is an absent one, and or no real value in our daily living.  Without faith in God,  we necessarily fall back on self-satisfaction or community life as the reason for existence.
Here are some questions to get you thinking:

Is your ultimate concern in life God, some community, or yourself?  Which one  do you serve on a day-by-day basis? If you had to live without self-fulfillment or family connections, could you find fulfillment in life?    If you believe in God, do you serve Him so you can be a better person or have a better community, or do you seek to be a better person or have a better community so you can serve God? 

Write a comment and share what you think.

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